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Fragmentation occurs when files are split into pieces, so they can fit into the nearest available disk spaces.
This allows the operating systems to store (save) files more rapidly - disks are mechanical, and it takes time for the "arm" to move to a designated, possibly more "ideal" spot on the disk.
Fragmentation also allows disks to make full use of available disk space. (In the old days, you couldn't save a file unless there was a spot big enough to fit the whole file.)
Like all disk-based operating systems, Windows NT takes advantage of fragmentation to offset the limitations of mechanical disks. And because of Windows NT's lightning speed capacity, it is incredibly sensitive to fragmentation issues.
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